My preferred standards

STANDARDS DEFAULT STUFF CONNECTORS PLUGS ETC COMPATIBILITY

These are my preferred standards. I wish some were universal (and think they're just better), but others are my personal preferences.

[Preferred sizes](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Preferred_metric_sizes)

Obviously the metric system https://youtu.be/hid7EJkwDNk, with its main structure, SI units, but not so sure about the decimal system. In the future, maybe The Harmonic System, based on fundamental physical constants, with dozenal base.

7 fundamental units: L [m], M [kg], T [s], K, A, mol, cd.

Billion = 10^9. Trillion (=Tera) = 10^12.

Also ºC, Nit (cd/m2), lm, and lx (lm/m^2, illumination of surface instead of an angle).

For engineering: mmgs or mks unit system, and Std number format for simple numbers, but Engineering format with 4 significant figures for >1000 and <0.01.

*ISO* or ANSI dimension standard. I prefer ISO first angle projection with ANSI centered horizontally read dimensions, but it might be confusing.

Date: 19990702 19990702235959, 1999 07 02 23:59:59, 02-07-1999 23:59:59 or 02/07/1999 or 02.07.1999 (like urls, that go from small to big, then small to smaller inside the website)

Address: SPAIN, MADRID, FUENLABRADA 12345 (postal code), STREET ABCDE, 24, (from now on optional:) block 1, doorway 1, door A

Preferred numbers:

1-2-5 Series: 0.1 0.2 0.5 1 2 5 10 20 50 100...

Dozenal 1-2-4-6 Series: ;1 ;2 ;4 ;6 1 2 4 6 10; 20; 40; 60;...

E Series IEC60063: E-12 10^(1/12) each number ~21.2% bigger. With 10% error they overlap. 10 12 15 18 22 27 33 39 47 56 58 82 100

E-6_12 eq: 1 1.6 2.5 4 6 8 10

Domestic AC power: 230+-10V 50-60Hz (240V supply at service entrance, with at least 220V at the loads). Be it with 2 hot wires (split phase transformer, US) or a phase and a neutral (EU)

AC color code: black Neutral, brown Ground (or brown with green stripes, or bare copper), RGB 3Lines, RYGCBM 6Lines. White, purple etc for signals or other stuff.

DC voltages: 1,3 .3,*5*,9,*12*,15,20,*24*,36,*48*(max dc safe voltage wet hands),60V,72V,84V,96V,108V,*120V*

DC color code: black Negative/Reference/GND/COMMON,

Black 0V, red +5V, light orange +12V, yellow +48V, bright orange ++V (cold colors for signal and negative voltages: in PSUs,-5V white -12V blue. CAN BUS HIGH: Green, CAN BUS LOW: Blue)

(Warm/reddish colors for positive, cool for negative)

CONNECTORS:

USB-C with USB-4 protocols for electronics (40Gb/s and 240W, 48V 5A)

Type N (IEC 60906-1) plug and socket. https://rubenayla.blogspot.com/2020/05/we-should-use-type-n-plugs.html

Ceeform: Industrial. (With plastic catches and good shrouding, like the shark ones)

MC4 for solar panels?

CCS2 (Combo. Combined Charging System) for DC EV charging, with built-in Type 2 (Mennekes) for AC (43kWAC or 480kWDC)

XT (XT30 XT60 XT90 XT150): High current (and V), quite weather resistant, strong physical and electrical connection.

XT150 for a single wire, or stack 2 and make a gender-less connector.

MT60 MR60 equivalent of XT60 for 3 wires.

ATX

DIN connectors: Many pins (DIN VS GX connectors?)

Automotive

AMP 'Superseal': Weatherproof (14A)

Deutsch DT M 

Deutsch DT S (Circular, Aircraft)

Delphi / Aptiv

Delphi Weatherpack, (GM, Metri-Pack)?

Circular connectors

DEUTSCH Circular Connectors (HD30)

GX series

Tessa tape to protect.

Anderson (SB50): Weatherproof High current (and V) genderless connector

Not XLR for power. They aren't supposed to carry high voltages.

Not Deans. Replaced by XT60

For electronics:

JST-SH (1mm pitch 28gauge)

MOLEX PicoBlade (1.25mm pitch. cameras. friction lock)

JST-PH (2mm pitch)

*JST-XH* 2.54mm pitch (battery balance. plastic casing has some click but can be removed pulling hard. Crimped metal contact has click tabs to the plastic housing)

Molex SL (2.54mm pitch)?

JST-SM 2.5 mm (click in, very secure with tabs), Dupont or CRHO (2.54mm or 0.1" pitch)

Fancy:

Molex Clik-mate

Amp-latch

Put and remove wires easily: Harting har-flexicon

E27 for bulbs

Handy: Bullet connector and heat shrink butt connector as solder, useful to have anti-corrosion lubricants (Boeshield, ACF50, dielectric grease)

IC packages: DIP (Dual Inline Package 2.54mm), SOP/*SOIC*/SO (Small Outline Package/Integrated Circuit 1.27mm SOP wide, SOIC narrow), and *SSOP* (shrink small-outline package .635mm), TSSOP (0.65mm), for passive components: 0603 = .06 x .03 inches = 1.6 x .8mm

Nomenclature: SOP or SOIC + Pitch + P + Lead Span Nominal X Height – Pin Qty. Ej: SOIC127P600X175-8N

Screwdriver tip hexagonal connector size: 4mm, 1/4 in, 

M0.6, M1, M1.6, *M2.5 T8, M4 T20 E5, M6 T30 E8, M8, M10 T50 E12, M16, M24*, M40

TORX (hexalobular, 6lobe) internal Screw head (Flush) with ISO metric screw threads.

I would also consider Robertson and torx plus, but forget about flat, philips, or pozidriv.

If this standard changed, introduce metric (dozenal multiples?) screw heads. Don't reduce the section until the very end, and then try to accomplish the robertson grabbing feature, but only for bits that intend to grab the screw, like ttap, because that grabbing feature can be detrimental in mass production. Maybe add attachments to the bits that make them grab. Tubular torx screw with internal AND external torx profile.

Torx nuts (that can also be screwed with hex key and viceversa) with the same torx external head as the screw's one.

Sizes: .5mm,1mm,2mm,3mm,4mm,6mm,12mm,,240mm,,600mm (appliances),1000mm,

Grinder: Small grinder disc diameter: 115mm, with type 1 guard with cover for 115mm discs, and transparent or steel dust shroud.

Hose sizes (D_INTxd_ext): ...x15mm, (10x17mm), **13x18mm** (1x2"), (...), 25x30mm (2.54cm = 1") (maybe with quick connect)

Reinforced kink-free rubber hose with cast brass fittings, stored on a reel with a cart, inside a garage.

Bike seatpost diameter: 25mm 28mm 30mm

Pen and mechanical pencil tube diameters: 3mm  ext/2mm int

Mechanical pencil tips: 0.3mm, **0.5mm**, 0.7mm

Mechanical pencil eraser dimensions diameter/length: 4/16mm

Perforated sorting panel hole distance: 1 in=25.4mm

Universal Lighter Tip: 1mm

Reference dimensions: Paper thickness .1mm, mechanical pencil lead .5mm, tip 1mm, pen ink tube inside 2mm, outside 3mm, tip inside tube and notebook squares 4mm, tip outside tube 5mm,

My preferred font-family is PTSans (Public Type Sans). I also like Roboto Slab and Open Sans.

USA QWERTY keyboard. Dvorak is cool, maybe qgmlwb, but the difference is not so big and it's easier to write gliding with qwerty, and the shortcuts of most applications are thought with a QWERTY layout in mind. I would prefer some expanded version with common greek letters (AltGr + A = Alpha, AltGr + B = Beta ...), and just remove the number row and use a numpad.

Programming:

C: OTBS indentation style ( One True Brace Style, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indentation_style#Variant:_1TBS_(OTBS) ), with cuddled else, and mandatory braces. Alone brackets are always ending, and long lines start the block, easy to read and shorter than K&R. (Opening and closing brackets can be hard to tell apart. They're very similar symbols).

Use 4 spaces for indentation.

Python and C: Function and variables lowercase, with words separated by underscores. Macros (#define) in uppercase and underscores. That's like the standard library.

C: Consider Ratliff style, or Banner style: ending bracket lines up with the indentation of the nested block. Easier to read since the headers of any block are the only thing extended at that level. The closing control of the prior block interferes with the visual flow of the next block header)

Numbers:

Write decimal numbers using the decimal dot: "." and space or nothing as thousands separator, " " (not comma to avoid confusion): .5, 0.5, 100 000, 2.54. Or just use unit prefixes or scientific notation.

To express any arbitrary base: "last digit of the base 1,2,...,9,A,B,...Z"_"number"."fractional part". 12.5 = 9_12.5 = B_10.6 = F_C.8 (0xC.8) = 1_1100.1 (0b1100.1)

With dozenal, use a semicolon (";") to indicate the base and the fractional part, say "sub", write a long comma with handwriting. Use d3 for the equivalent of kilo, d3=10;^3 etc. 1 dometer = 1000; meters = 1; d3m = 1;d3 m.

Scientific paper format: APA rules.

Coordinate system for vehicle, camera, or entity: x axis in the direction of movement or sight, y to the left, z upwards.

Switches:

Vertical = ON, Horizontal = OFF

along pipe = ALLOW FLOW, crossing pipe = BLOCK FLOW

UP = ON (high energy, active, not the default), DOWN = OFF (the default, gravity)

3d CAD file formats:

STEP (or old IGES, .igs)(STandard for Exchange Product data): Has color, material properties, and tolerances  well defined curves. Cannot be 3d printed. ISO 10303. AP203 is general, AP214 has colors, layers, dimensioning, tolerance, design intent, AP242 adds product and manufacturing information.

OBJ: Geometry definition. Mesh with vertices, normals, and color, UV, when paired to an MTL file (Material Template Library). Free-form curves and surfaces to not lose information.

STL (Standard Triangle Format): Very simple. Lossy. For 3d printing.

COLLADA (Collaborative Design Activity): Lossy XML mesh. Advanced: Color, texture, animation, physics. ISO/PAS 17506:2012.

AMF (or 3MF, open source, free) (Additive or 3d Manufacturing File Format): Lossy XML mesh of curved triangles. Has color, material, tolerances, and extensive metadata.

3D DESIGN PREFERENCES

mmgs

Wheel forwards to zoom in (Me moving, not the object)

First angle projection: Rotate object over the document. If I have an object at the left, I'll see the right side. If it's at the right, I'll see the left side. When my eyes turn to the right (and my body moves to the left), I see the left side of the object.

Rotate about scene floor: 2 screen dimensions for 2 rotation dimensions. Humans do not usually roll their faces, so it's not intuitive or necessary.

Keep Z axis up: The screen is vertical. I start building in the flat X-Y floor, and then add the third Z dimension. That's compliant with physics standards.

Front: Num 5, Left: Num4, Right: Num6, Top:Num8, Bottom: Num2, Back: Num0, Normal to: Num1, Isometric: Num3, Num7 and Num9 free for now.

Space: Repeat last command

Gavetas: LxWxH mm

 N51: 100 x 170 x 80 mm 0.8L

 N52: 236 x 160 x 130 mm 3.2L

 N53: 336 x 160 x 130 mm 4.8L

 N54: 336 x 216 x 155 mm 7.7L

 N55: 336 x 216 x 200 mm 10.1L